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Experimental data for CHCl3 (Chloroform)

22 02 02 11 45
Other names
Chloroform; Chloroforme; Cloroformio; Formyl trichloride; Freon 20; Methane trichloride; Methane, trichloro-; Methenyl trichloride; Methyl trichloride; R 20; R 20 (refrigerant); TCM; Trichloormethaan; Trichloromethane; Trichlormethan; Trichloroform; Triclorometano;
INChI INChIKey SMILES IUPAC name
InChI=1S/CHCl3/c2-1(3)4/h1H HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ClC(Cl)Cl Chloroform
State Conformation
1A1 C3V
Enthalpy of formation (Hfg), Entropy, Integrated heat capacity (0 K to 298.15 K) (HH), Heat Capacity (Cp)
Property Value Uncertainty units Reference Comment
Hfg(298.15K) enthalpy of formation -102.70 1.10 kJ mol-1 Gurvich
Hfg(0K) enthalpy of formation -97.95 1.10 kJ mol-1 Gurvich
Entropy (298.15K) entropy 296.35   J K-1 mol-1 Gurvich
Integrated Heat Capacity (0 to 298.15K) integrated heat capacity 14.30   kJ mol-1 Gurvich
Heat Capacity (298.15K) heat capacity 66.85   J K-1 mol-1 Gurvich
Information can also be found for this species in the NIST Chemistry Webbook
Vibrational levels (cm-1) vibrations
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency Intensity Comment Description
Fundamental(cm-1) Harmonic(cm-1) Reference (km mol-1) unc. Reference
1 A1 3034   Shim       CH stretch
2 A1 680   Shim       CCl3 s-stretch
3 A1 366   Shim       CCl3 s-deform
4 E 1220   Shim       CH bend
5 E 774   Shim       CCl3 d-stretch
6 E 260   Shim       CCl3 d-deform

vibrational zero-point energy: 4293.8 cm-1 (from fundamental vibrations)
Calculated vibrational frequencies for CHCl3 (Chloroform).
Gas-phase IR spectra can be found in the NIST Chemistry Webbook here.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) rotational constants
See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
A B C reference comment
0.11015 0.11015 0.05932 1995Car/Seo:215 C from geom

Calculated rotational constants for CHCl3 (Chloroform).
Product of moments of inertia moments of inertia
6656501amu3Å6   3.0479929407486E-113gm3 cm6
Geometric Data
picture of Chloroform

Point Group C3v


Internal coordinates
distances (r) in Å, angles (a) in degrees, dihedrals (d) in degrees
Description Value unc. Connectivity Reference Comment
Atom 1 Atom 2 Atom 3 Atom 4
rCH 1.073   1 2 1952Gho/Tra:605
rCCl 1.762   1 3 1956Wol:976
aClCCl 110.92 3 1 4 1956Wol:976
aHCCl 107.98 2 1 3 1956Wol:976 from symmetry

Cartesians
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.0000 0.0000 0.5231
H2 0.0000 0.0000 1.5961
Cl3 0.0000 1.6562 -0.0928
Cl4 1.4343 -0.8281 -0.0928
Cl5 -1.4343 -0.8281 -0.0928

Atom - Atom Distances bond lengths
Distances in Å
  C1 H2 Cl3 Cl4 Cl5
C1   1.07301.76701.76701.7670
H2 1.0730   2.36552.36552.3655
Cl3 1.76702.3655   2.86862.8686
Cl4 1.76702.36552.8686   2.8686
Cl5 1.76702.36552.86862.8686  

Calculated geometries for CHCl3 (Chloroform).

Experimental Bond Angles (degrees) from cartesians bond angles

atom1 atom2 atom3 angle         atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
H2 C1 Cl3 110.400 H2 C1 Cl4 110.400
H2 C1 Cl5 110.400 Cl3 C1 Cl4 108.527
Cl3 C1 Cl5 108.527 Cl4 C1 Cl5 108.527

Bond descriptions


Examples: C-C single bond, C=C, double bond, C#C triple bond, C:C aromatic bond
Bond Type Count
H-C 1
C-Cl 3

Connectivity
Atom 1 Atom 2
C1 H2
C1 Cl3
C1 Cl4
C1 Cl5
Electronic energy levels (cm-1)
Energy (cm-1) Degeneracy reference description
0 1   1A1

Ionization Energies (eV)
Ionization Energy I.E. unc. vertical I.E. v.I.E. unc. reference
11.370 0.020 11.500   webbook

Electron Affinity (eV)
Electron Affinity unc. reference
0.620 0.160 webbook
Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Electric dipole moment dipole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Dipole (Debye) Reference comment Point Group Components
x y z total dipole quadrupole
1 1 1A1 C3v True       1.040 1970Rei/Wil:1418-1421 MW μ0 ± 0.02 D C3v 1 1
Experimental dipole measurement abbreviations: MW microwave; DT Dielectric with Temperature variation; DR Indirect (usually an upper limit); MB Molecular beam
Calculated electric dipole moments for CHCl3 (Chloroform).
Electric quadrupole moment quadrupole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Quadrupole (D Å) Reference comment Point Group Components
xx yy zz dipole quadrupole
1 1 1A1 C3v True       C3v 1 1

Calculated electric quadrupole moments for CHCl3 (Chloroform).
Electric dipole polarizability (Å3) polarizability
alpha unc. Reference
8.129   1998Gus/Rui:163

Calculated electric dipole polarizability for CHCl3 (Chloroform).

References
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squib reference DOI
1952Gho/Tra:605 Ghosh, S., Trambarulo, R., Gordy, W., Microwave Spectra and Molecular Structures of Fluoroform, Chloroform, and Methyl Chloroform, J. of Chem. Phys., Vol. 20, #4, pgs. 605-607 10.1063/1.1700501
1956Wol:976 Wolfe, P. "Microwave Spectrum of Chloroform." Journal of Chemical Physics. 25, 976-981 (1956) 10.1063/1.1743153
1970Rei/Wil:1418-1421 PB Reinhart, Q Williams, TL Weatherly "Microwave Measurements of the Dipole Moments of CFCla and CHCl a and Their Pressure-Broadened Spectra" J. Chem. Phys. 53, 1418 (1970) 10.1063/1.1674190
1995Car/Seo:215 JH Carpenter, PJ Seo, DH Whiffen "THE ROTATIONAL SPECTRUM OF CHLOROFORM IN ITS GROUND AND EXCITED VIBRATIONAL-STATES" J. Mol. Spect. 170(1) 215-227, 1995 10.1006/jmsp.1995.1066
1998Gus/Rui:163 M Gussoni, R Rui, G Zerbi "Electronic and relaxation contribution to linear molecular polarizability. An analysis of the experimental values" J. Mol. Struct. 447 (1998) 163-215 10.1016/S0022-2860(97)00292-5
Gurvich Gurvich, L.V.; Veyts, I. V.; Alcock, C. B., Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Substances, Fouth Edition, Hemisphere Pub. Co., New York, 1989  
Shim Shimanouchi, T. , Tables of Molecular Vibrational Frequencies, Consolidated Volu 10.6028/NBS.NSRDS.39
webbook NIST Chemistry Webbook (http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry) 10.18434/T4D303

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