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Experimental data for CH3CH2Cl (Ethyl chloride)

22 02 02 11 45
Other names
Chloroethane; Ethane, chloro-; Ethyl Chloride; Monochloroethane;
INChI INChIKey SMILES IUPAC name
InChI=1S/C2H5Cl/c1-2-3/h2H2,1H3 HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCl Chloroethane
State Conformation
1A' CS
Enthalpy of formation (Hfg), Entropy, Integrated heat capacity (0 K to 298.15 K) (HH), Heat Capacity (Cp)
Property Value Uncertainty units Reference Comment
Hfg(298.15K) enthalpy of formation -112.30 0.75 kJ mol-1 TRC
Hfg(0K) enthalpy of formation -97.70 0.75 kJ mol-1 TRC
Entropy (298.15K) entropy 275.89   J K-1 mol-1 TRC
Integrated Heat Capacity (0 to 298.15K) integrated heat capacity 13.26   kJ mol-1 TRC
Heat Capacity (298.15K) heat capacity 65.64   J K-1 mol-1 TRC
Barrier to Internal Rotation 15.4   kJ mol-1  
Information can also be found for this species in the NIST Chemistry Webbook
Vibrational levels (cm-1) vibrations
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency Intensity Comment Description
Fundamental(cm-1) Harmonic(cm-1) Reference (km mol-1) unc. Reference
1 A' 2967   Shim      
2 A' 2946   Shim      
3 A' 2881   Shim      
4 A' 1463   Shim      
5 A' 1448   Shim      
6 A' 1385   Shim      
7 A' 1289   Shim      
8 A' 1081   Shim      
9 A' 974   Shim      
10 A' 677   Shim      
11 A' 336   Shim      
12 A" 3014   Shim      
13 A" 2986   Shim      
14 A" 1448   Shim      
15 A" 1251   Shim      
16 A" 974   Shim      
17 A" 786   Shim      
18 A" 251   Shim      

vibrational zero-point energy: 14078.5 cm-1 (from fundamental vibrations)
Calculated vibrational frequencies for CH3CH2Cl (Ethyl chloride).
Gas-phase IR spectra can be found in the NIST Chemistry Webbook here.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) rotational constants
See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
A B C reference comment
1.04530 0.18325 0.16553 1962Sch/Jac:1245

Calculated rotational constants for CH3CH2Cl (Ethyl chloride).
Product of moments of inertia moments of inertia
151091.7amu3Å6   6.91844678041687E-115gm3 cm6
Geometric Data
picture of Ethyl chloride

Point Group Cs


Internal coordinates
distances (r) in Å, angles (a) in degrees, dihedrals (d) in degrees
Description Value unc. Connectivity Reference Comment
Atom 1 Atom 2 Atom 3 Atom 4
rCC 1.510   1 2 1998Kuc
rCCl 1.789   2 6 1998Kuc
rCH 1.086   2 7 1998Kuc next to Cl
rCH 1.090   1 3 1998Kuc symmetric H
rCH 1.089   1 4 1998Kuc
aCCCl 111.02 1 2 6 1998Kuc
aHCC 110.53 2 1 4 1998Kuc asymetric H on CH3
aHCH 108.26 4 1 5 1998Kuc asymetric Hs on CH3
aHCC 109.3 2 1 3 1998Kuc symmetric H on CH3
aHCC 111.81 1 2 7 1998Kuc H on CH2Cl
aHCH 108.99 7 2 8 1998Kuc CH2Cl end

Cartesians
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 1.5949 -0.3563 -0.0000
C2 0.4757 0.6568 -0.0004
H3 2.5527 0.1648 0.0000
H4 1.5351 -0.9919 -0.8828
H5 1.5347 -0.9917 0.8828
Cl6 -1.1206 -0.1505 -0.0005
H7 0.5089 1.2945 -0.8790
H8 0.4949 1.2796 0.8893

Atom - Atom Distances bond lengths
Distances in Å
  C1 C2 H3 H4 H5 Cl6 H7 H8
C1   1.50961.09041.08941.08942.72322.16272.1627
C2 1.5096   2.13452.14922.14921.78881.08621.0862
H3 1.09042.1345   1.77561.77573.68682.49522.5037
H4 1.08942.14921.7756   1.76562.92222.50623.0630
H5 1.08942.14921.77571.7656   2.92213.06322.4981
Cl6 2.72321.78883.68682.92222.9221   2.34842.3338
H7 2.16271.08622.49522.50623.06322.3484   1.7685
H8 2.16271.08622.50373.06302.49812.33381.7685  

Calculated geometries for CH3CH2Cl (Ethyl chloride).

Experimental Bond Angles (degrees) from cartesians bond angles

atom1 atom2 atom3 angle         atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 Cl6 111.020 C1 C2 H7 111.810
C1 C2 H8 111.810 C2 C1 H3 109.300
C2 C1 H4 110.530 C2 C1 H5 110.530
H3 C1 H4 109.090 H3 C1 H5 109.098
H4 C1 H5 108.260 Cl6 C2 H7 106.990
Cl6 C2 H8 105.937 H7 C2 H8 108.990

Bond descriptions


Examples: C-C single bond, C=C, double bond, C#C triple bond, C:C aromatic bond
Bond Type Count
H-C 5
C-C 1
C-Cl 1

Connectivity
Atom 1 Atom 2
C1 C2
C1 H3
C1 H4
C1 H5
C2 Cl6
C2 H7
C2 H8
Electronic energy levels (cm-1)
Energy (cm-1) Degeneracy reference description
0 1   1A'

Ionization Energies (eV)
Ionization Energy I.E. unc. vertical I.E. v.I.E. unc. reference
10.980 0.020 11.060   webbook
Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Electric dipole moment dipole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Dipole (Debye) Reference comment Point Group Components
x y z total dipole quadrupole
1 1 1A' Cs True 1.745     2.050 NSRDS-NBS10 MW (μa) DT (μt) Cs 2 3
Experimental dipole measurement abbreviations: MW microwave; DT Dielectric with Temperature variation; DR Indirect (usually an upper limit); MB Molecular beam
Calculated electric dipole moments for CH3CH2Cl (Ethyl chloride).
Electric quadrupole moment quadrupole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Quadrupole (D Å) Reference comment Point Group Components
xx yy zz dipole quadrupole
1 1 1A' Cs True       Cs 2 3

Calculated electric quadrupole moments for CH3CH2Cl (Ethyl chloride).
Electric dipole polarizability (Å3) polarizability
alpha unc. Reference
6.590   1998Gus/Rui:163

Calculated electric dipole polarizability for CH3CH2Cl (Ethyl chloride).

References
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squib reference DOI
1962Sch/Jac:1245 RH Schwendeman, GD Jacobs "MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF ETHYL CHLORIDE" J. Chem. Phys. 36(5) 1245, 1962 10.1063/1.1732721
1998Gus/Rui:163 M Gussoni, R Rui, G Zerbi "Electronic and relaxation contribution to linear molecular polarizability. An analysis of the experimental values" J. Mol. Struct. 447 (1998) 163-215 10.1016/S0022-2860(97)00292-5
1998Kuc K Kuchitsu(ed) "Structure of Free Polyatomic Molecules - Basic Data" Springer, Berlin, 1998 10.1007/978-3-642-45748-7 
NSRDS-NBS10 R. D. Nelson Jr., D. R. Lide, A. A. Maryott "Selected Values of electric dipole moments for molecules in the gas phase" NSRDS-NBS10, 1967 10.6028/NBS.NSRDS.10
Shim Shimanouchi, T. , Tables of Molecular Vibrational Frequencies, Consolidated Volu 10.6028/NBS.NSRDS.39
TRC Frenkel, M; Marsh, K.N.; Wilhoit, R.C.; Kabo, G.J.; Roganov, G.N.,Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds in the Gas State,Thermodynamics Research Center, College Station, TX, 1994  
webbook NIST Chemistry Webbook (http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry) 10.18434/T4D303

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