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Comparison of levels of theory for Ca-C


Click on an entry for a histogram of the values.
The subscript refers to how many bonds of that type have been calculated.
average calculated bond lengths (Å)
Methods with predefined basis sets
semi-empirical PM3 2.0098
1
PM6 1.0716
1
composite G2 2.4124
1
G3 2.3451
1
G3B3 2.2867
1
G4 2.2835
1
CBS-Q 2.4002
1

average calculated bond lengths (Å)
Methods with standard basis sets
STO-3G 3-21G 3-21G* 6-31G 6-31G* 6-31G** 6-31+G** 6-311G* 6-311G** 6-31G(2df,p) 6-311+G(3df,2p) TZVP cc-pVDZ cc-pVTZ cc-pVQZ
hartree fock HF 2.5149
1
2.4502
1
2.4425
1
2.4583
1
2.3504
1
2.4124
1
2.4330
1
2.3510
1
2.3510
1
2.3772
1
2.3482
1
2.4803
1
2.3543
1
2.3432
1
2.3401
1
ROHF     3.2323
1
5.9650
1
5.2758
1
5.2758
1
3.1919
1
3.3243
1
3.3243
1
  2.8329
1
3.7517
1
2.2054
1
2.8489
1
2.8073
1
density functional BLYP 2.5271
1
2.5332
1
2.4885
1
2.5421
1
2.4590
1
2.4590
1
2.4776
1
2.3009
1
2.3009
1
2.4055
1
2.2956
1
2.5509
1
2.2969
1
2.2886
1
 
B1B95 2.5072
1
2.4473
1
2.4473
1
2.4837
1
2.4106
1
2.4106
1
2.4298
1
2.2851
1
2.2851
1
2.3626
1
2.2825
1
2.4960
1
2.2845
1
2.2758
1
 
B3LYP 2.5285
1
2.4977
1
2.4626
1
2.5060
1
2.4288
1
2.4288
1
2.4482
1
2.2965
1
2.2965
1
2.3783
1
2.2929
1
2.5189
1
2.2924
1
2.2798
1
2.2772
1
B3LYPultrafine   2.5002
1
    2.4296
1
2.4296
1
2.4501
1
2.2966
1
  2.3786
1
2.2929
1
2.5215
1
2.2925
1
2.2799
1
 
B3PW91 2.5008
1
2.4725
1
2.4466
1
2.4832
1
2.4118
1
2.4118
1
2.4313
1
2.2860
1
2.2860
1
2.4108
1
2.2821
1
2.4975
1
2.2851
1
2.2497
1
 
mPW1PW91 2.4969
1
2.4633
1
2.4403
1
2.4743
1
2.4058
1
2.4058
1
2.4259
1
2.2884
1
2.2884
1
2.4139
1
2.2821
1
2.5712
1
2.2849
1
2.2522
1
 
M06-2X 2.4849
1
2.4660
1
2.4474
1
2.4720
1
2.4054
1
2.4054
1
2.4236
1
2.3179
1
2.3179
1
2.3711
1
2.3140
1
2.4902
1
2.3159
1
2.3100
1
 
PBEPBE 2.4989
1
2.5010
1
2.4656
1
2.5119
1
2.4344
1
2.4344
1
2.4532
1
2.2831
1
2.2831
1
2.3818
1
2.2792
1
2.5216
1
2.2829
1
2.2709
1
 
PBEPBEultrafine   2.5038
1
    2.4354
1
2.4354
1
2.4549
1
2.2831
1
  2.3821
1
2.2792
1
2.5246
1
2.2830
1
2.2709
1
 
PBE1PBE 2.4960
1
2.4417
1
2.4417
1
2.4770
1
2.4075
1
2.4075
1
2.4276
1
2.2932
1
2.2932
1
2.4139
1
2.2650
1
2.4912
1
2.2850
1
2.2570
1
 
HSEh1PBE 2.4988
1
2.4686
1
2.4428
1
2.4790
1
2.4092
1
2.4092
1
2.4291
1
2.2868
1
2.2868
1
2.3612
1
2.2833
1
2.4933
1
2.2859
1
2.2763
1
 
TPSSh 2.4938
1
2.4745
1
2.4520
1
2.4859
1
2.4180
1
2.4180
1
2.4375
1
2.2911
1
2.2911
1
2.4068
1
2.2871
1
2.5527
1
2.2658
1
2.2498
1
2.2465
1
wB97X-D 2.5000
1
2.4581
1
2.2844
1
2.4713
1
2.4072
1
2.4072
1
2.2579
1
2.3061
1
2.3061
1
2.1720
1
2.0241
1
2.4871
1
2.0340
1
2.0225
1
2.0193
1
B97D3 2.5064
1
2.5303
1
2.4974
1
2.5398
1
2.4583
1
2.4583
1
2.4755
1
2.3027
1
2.3027
1
2.4090
1
2.2859
1
2.5469
1
2.2953
1
2.2802
1
2.2777
1
STO-3G 3-21G 3-21G* 6-31G 6-31G* 6-31G** 6-31+G** 6-311G* 6-311G** 6-31G(2df,p) 6-311+G(3df,2p) TZVP cc-pVDZ cc-pVTZ cc-pVQZ
Moller Plesset perturbation MP2 2.5229
1
2.4746
1
2.4612
1
2.4835
1
2.4096
1
2.4096
1
2.4313
1
2.3244
1
2.3244
1
2.3566
1
2.3144
1
2.4945
1
2.3611
1
2.3504
1
2.3471
1
MP2=FULL 2.5270
1
2.4734
1
2.4603
1
2.4835
1
2.4091
1
2.4091
1
2.4308
1
2.3226
1
2.3226
1
2.3527
1
2.3110
1
2.4885
1
2.3221
1
2.3159
1
2.2904
1
MP3         2.4084
1
  2.4303
1
      2.3234
1
2.4957
1
2.3620
1
2.3521
1
 
MP3=FULL   2.4780
1
2.4629
1
2.4890
1
2.4080
1
2.4080
1
2.4299
1
2.3257
1
2.3257
1
2.3543
1
2.3204
1
2.4894
1
2.3230
1
2.3225
1
 
B2PLYP 2.5490
1
2.4842
1
2.4569
1
2.4923
1
2.4161
1
2.4161
1
2.4758
1
2.3189
1
2.3189
1
2.3955
1
2.2905
1
2.5043
1
2.3101
1
2.2972
1
 
B2PLYP=FULL 2.5500
1
2.4837
1
2.4566
1
2.4923
1
2.4160
1
2.4160
1
2.4756
1
2.3184
1
2.3184
1
2.3941
1
2.2895
1
2.5024
1
2.3015
1
2.2901
1
 
B2PLYP=FULLultrafine 2.5522
1
2.4849
1
2.4574
1
2.4935
1
2.4163
1
2.4163
1
2.4768
1
2.3185
1
2.3185
1
2.3943
1
2.2896
1
2.5038
1
2.3043
1
2.2902
1
 
Configuration interaction CID   2.4810
1
2.4640
1
2.4902
1
2.4072
1
    2.3281
1
    2.3212
1
  2.3602
1
2.3501
1
 
CISD   2.4902
1
2.4707
1
2.4988
1
2.4102
1
    2.3285
1
    2.3207
1
  2.3616
1
2.3502
1
 
STO-3G 3-21G 3-21G* 6-31G 6-31G* 6-31G** 6-31+G** 6-311G* 6-311G** 6-31G(2df,p) 6-311+G(3df,2p) TZVP cc-pVDZ cc-pVTZ cc-pVQZ
Quadratic configuration interaction QCISD   2.4970
1
2.4756
1
2.5071
1
2.4146
1
2.4146
1
2.4350
1
2.3318
1
2.3318
1
2.3619
1
2.3255
1
2.5012
1
2.3637
1
2.3513
1
 
Coupled Cluster CCD   2.4821
1
2.4649
1
2.4916
1
2.4079
1
2.4079
1
2.4295
1
2.3279
1
2.3279
1
2.3583
1
2.3248
1
2.4956
1
2.3609
1
2.3509
1
 
CCSD         2.4138
1
2.4138
1
2.4343
1
2.3313
1
2.3313
1
2.3615
1
2.3252
1
2.5008
1
2.3631
1
2.3512
1
2.3479
1
CCSD=FULL         2.4138
1
        2.3573
1
2.3220
1
2.4941
1
2.3259
1
2.3244
1
2.3006
1
STO-3G 3-21G 3-21G* 6-31G 6-31G* 6-31G** 6-31+G** 6-311G* 6-311G** 6-31G(2df,p) 6-311+G(3df,2p) TZVP cc-pVDZ cc-pVTZ cc-pVQZ

average calculated bond lengths (Å)
Methods with effective core potentials (select basis sets)
CEP-31G CEP-31G* CEP-121G CEP-121G* LANL2DZ SDD cc-pVTZ-PP aug-cc-pVTZ-PP Def2TZVPP
hartree fock HF 2.4572
1
  2.4707
1
  2.4771
1
2.3806
1
    2.3461
1
ROHF                 2.9054
1
density functional BLYP                 2.3020
1
B1B95                 2.2850
1
B3LYP 2.4828
1
  2.4910
1
  2.4932
1
2.3213
1
    2.2970
1
B3LYPultrafine                 2.2970
1
B3PW91                 2.2851
1
mPW1PW91                 2.2769
1
M06-2X                 2.3154
1
PBEPBE                 2.2835
1
PBEPBEultrafine                 2.2835
1
PBE1PBE                 2.2840
1
HSEh1PBE                 2.2856
1
TPSSh                 2.2721
1
wB97X-D 2.5989
1
  2.4785
1
  2.4684
1
2.3558
1
    2.0331
1
B97D3                 2.2980
1
Moller Plesset perturbation MP2 2.4833
1
  2.4955
1
  2.5030
1
2.3896
1
    2.3533
1
MP2=FULL                 2.3176
1
MP3                 2.3551
1
MP3=FULL                 2.3240
1
B2PLYP                 2.3123
1
B2PLYP=FULL                 2.3042
1
B2PLYP=FULLultrafine                 2.3042
1
Configuration interaction CID                 2.3529
1
CISD                 2.3532
1
Quadratic configuration interaction QCISD                 2.3545
1
Coupled Cluster CCD                 2.3539
1
CCSD                 2.3544
1
CCSD=FULL                 2.3260
1
For descriptions of the methods (AM1, HF, MP2, ...) and basis sets (3-21G, 3-21G*, 6-31G, ...) see the glossary in section I.C. Predefined means the basis set used is determined by the method.